Molecular physiology and pathophysiology of stromal interaction molecules

Molecular physiology and pathophysiology of electroneutral cation-chloride cotransporters.

Electroneutral cation-Cl(-) cotransporters compose a family of solute carriers in which cation (Na(+) or K(+)) movement through the plasma membrane is always accompanied by Cl(-) in a 1:1 stoichiometry. Seven well-characterized members include one gene encoding the thiazide-sensitive Na(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter, two genes encoding loop diuretic-sensitive Na(+)-K(+)-2Cl(-) cotransporters, and four...

Mammalian distal tubule: physiology, pathophysiology, and molecular anatomy.

The distal tubule of the mammalian kidney, defined as the region between the macula densa and the collecting duct, is morphologically and functionally heterogeneous. This heterogeneity has stymied attempts to define functional properties of individual cell types and has led to controversy concerning mechanisms and regulation of ion transport. Recently, molecular techniques have been used to ide...

Physiology And PAthoPhysiology of AquAPorins

Received 2 July 2010, accepted 1 August 2010. Correspondence to: Dr Amaia Rodríguez, Metabolic Research Laboratory, University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Spain. Tel.: +34 948 42 56 00 (ext. 6544), Fax: +34 948 42 56 52, E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channels that facilitate a rapid transport of water, across cell membranes. in some cases, these pore...

Physiology and pathophysiology of eryptosis.

SUMMARY Suicidal erythrocyte death (eryptosis) is characterized by cell shrinkage, cell membrane blebbing, and cell membrane phospholipid scrambling with phosphatidylserine exposure at the cell surface. Eryptotic cells adhere to the vascular wall and are rapidly cleared from circulating blood. Eryptosis is stimulated by an increase in cytosolic Ca(2)+ activity, ceramide, hyperosmotic shock, oxi...

Physiology and pathophysiology of aquaporins.